to Jewish Christians of Jerusalem); Clement of Rome (nearly identical wording in places); Epaphras (in connection with the similarities with Colossians); Priscilla (based on the anonymity of the letter and her tutelage of Apollos; but see note on 11:32); and even the Virgin Mary (a “feminine” touch plus affinity with Luke 1–2)! This multitude of candidates itself reflects the difficulty of discovering the identity of the author. It was Origen in the third century who, after surveying a list of possible